The book is a series of studies by the author, starting with sensory physiology and gradually moving into the fields of neuroscience, linguistics, psychology, artificial intelligence, semiotics and philosophy - all now called cognitive research and representing an example of convergent and transdisciplinary development of science. The initial hypothesis coincides with the title of one of the sections of the book - language as an interface between the brain, consciousness and the world, and this reflects the position of the author and his view on the evolution and nature of verbal language and other higher functions, their phylo- and ontogenesis, on genetic and cross-functions. cultural aspects of the development of consciousness and language and their brain correlates, on the possibilities of interspecies communication and modeling of human cognitive processes. The book is intended for an intellectual reader interested in the nature of man and his place in the world.