The name of the remarkable Russian traveler N. N. Miklouho-Maclay is forever included in the book of the discovery of the Earth. His diaries, notes, messages about life in the second half of the 19th century. among the Papuans of New Guinea, who compiled this collection, not only talk about the scientist’s feat, but also introduce them to the previously unknown. The materials will be read with interest by everyone who seeks to learn the unknown and take part in the exploration of unfamiliar corners of the globe.