The paths of Russian science in the 20th century. and the fate of its creators - this is the content of the memoirs of Academician A.N. Nesmeyanov, covering the period 1900–1974. A.N. Nesmeyanov went from a chemistry student at Moscow University to its rector, from a researcher to the president of the USSR Academy of Sciences. The author sets out his views on the development of science, analyzes the reasons why the development of certain areas, in particular genetics, has been hampered. Interesting are the memories of business contacts with state leaders, leading scientists of our country and foreign countries. The second edition of the book is supplemented by the author's manuscript, and also provided with notes and extensive photographic material. For a wide range of readers.