The textbook contains all sections of the general physics course devoted to the study of classical thermodynamics and statistical physics of equilibrium systems. The fundamentals of the thermodynamics of nonequilibrium systems and methods for describing irreversible processes are briefly outlined. The theoretical material is supplemented by a description of physical experiments, technical applications of physical effects and problems with solutions. The content of the textbook corresponds to the course of lectures given by the authors at MSTU. N.E. Bauman.For students of technical universities and universities.

ContentsUse the arrow to expand or collapse this sectionThe first law of thermodynamicsThermodynamic states and thermodynamic processesInternal energy and temperature of a thermodynamic systemMethods for measuring temperatureAdiabatically isolated systemThe first law of thermodynamicsEquations of state of a thermodynamic systemEquation of state of an ideal gasFundamentals of molecular -kinetic theoryExperimental confirmation of molecular kinetic theoryHeat capacity of an ideal gasAdiabatic processPolytropic processesVan der Waals gasSecond and third laws of thermodynamicsHeat enginesThermodynamic Carnot cycleCalculation of the Carnot thermodynamic cycle for a real gasSecond law of thermodynamicsCarnot's theoremsThermodynamic temperature scale Clausius inequalityThermodynamic entropyLaw increase in entropyThe third law of thermodynamicsDescription of thermodynamic processesBasic inequality and basic equation of thermodynamicsThermodynamic potentialsApplication of thermodynamics potentials to describe the Joule-Thomson effectLe Chatelier-Brown principleIntroduction to the thermodynamics of irreversible processesStatistical description of equilibrium statesDistribution functionBoltzmann distributionPrinciple of detailed equilibriumMaxwell distributionExperimental verification of the Maxwell distributionMaxwell-Boltzmann distributionCanonical Gibbs distributionEquilibrium fluctuationsStatistical substantiation of the second law of thermodynamicsTransfer phenomenaThermodynamic flow and Description of transport phenomena in gases Effusion in rarefied gas Brownian motion Production of entropy in irreversible processes Equilibrium phases and phase transformations Aggregate states of matter Phase equilibrium conditions Phenomena at the interface of gas, liquid and solid Phase transitions of the first kind Phase diagrams Phase transitions of the second order Critical phenomena during phase transitions

Literature on thermodynamics, physical and colloid chemistry and related issues