The basis of Chinese culture is the humanitarian spirit. What is it expressed in? What is the basis of China's humanitarian religion? How does Chinese knowledge of the world and traditional thinking differ from Western ones? Professor Lou Yule seeks answers to these questions, talks about man, his place in the world, and the preservation of originality and cultural identity. This book is devoted not only to the search for differences between Chinese civilization and Western civilization, but also to their philosophical understanding. The author calls for abandoning the opposition between traditions and modernity, since modernity grew precisely from traditions. Lou Yule is confident that his compatriots must remain modern people, preserving their traditions under any socio-economic conditions. The book is addressed to everyone interested in the culture, philosophy and science of modern China. The publishing layout of the book is saved in PDF A4 format.