The OUN-UPA problem is one of the controversial topics of Ukrainian society, the point of view during the years of independence fluctuates between positive (independence fighters, Heroes of Ukraine) and negative (German collaborators, traitors to Ukraine). Their assessment is often based on propaganda cliches from both sides. The issue of officially recognizing the UPA as a belligerent in World War II and providing benefits to veterans at the state level (several western regions made this decision at the regional level) still remain unresolved. The author does not set himself the goal of shedding light on the Upov problem, which is practically impossible for an ordinary article, but hopes that the material will allow the reader to form an approximate picture of one of the pages of Ukrainian history.