The monograph examines the history of the participation of prisoners held in forced labor camps in closed cities of the Urals. Based on extensive material and the recollections of eyewitnesses of the events described, the real picture of the labor use of prisoners and the material and living conditions of their detention are shown. This book, in fact, is the second, expanded and revised version of the book “The Atomic Project Behind Barbed Wire.” Its name is due to the fact that the author expanded the territorial scope of the study. The author additionally examined archival documents on Kuznetsky (Chelyabinsk-40), Sosnovsky (Zlatoust-20[36]) forced labor camps and Correctional Labor Camp No. 100 of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs (Sverdlovsk 44). The material presented by the author shows in detail and convincingly the specifics of the work of ITL in the nuclear industry. The book allows you to objectively evaluate the contribution of the first builders, incl. and prisoners, in the construction of unique secret facilities in the Urals. The monograph is intended for scientists, as well as anyone interested in the history of the nuclear industry.