Bases of mineral feed of higher plants are expounded in the real textbook. Modern ideas are given about functions макро- and microelements in plants. The physiological, biochemical and molecular mechanisms engaged in absorption and transport of elements of mineral feed of plants are lighted up. Description over of basic forms of elements of mineral feed is brought in soil, and also soil factors influencing on availability of these elements to the plants. The features of height of plants are described in terms defiant mineral stress : deficit of elements of feed, surplus of macronutrients and heavy metals, засоление, and mechanisms (specific and heterospecific) of adaptation of plants to these unfavorable terms. The various co-operating of plants with soil organisms (bacteria, микоризными mushrooms is analysed, by invertebrates by animals) and role of these organisms in the mineral feed of plants. The ways of increase of the productivity of cultural plants and quality of plant-grower products are expounded by means of mineral fertilizers and biotechnologies.A textbook is intended for the students of universities biological, почвоведческих and agricultural directions of educating, and also to the research workers and all interested in the problems of biology plants.