This book was conceived by the author while he was reading a course of lectures on the history of ancient cities at the Faculty of History of Leningrad State University. This is not a textbook or a monograph in the exact meaning of the word. The book is dedicated to the history of Athens from the 16th to the 4th centuries. BC. and contains information about the most important monuments of ancient art and architecture included in the treasury of world culture. Some of them are published in our literature for the first time. The monuments are considered in close connection with the political and cultural life of the Athenian state. The text is illustrated with drawings, photographs and reproductions. At the end of the book there is a list of the main foreign and domestic literature, both general and for individual monuments. The book is intended for a reader familiar with the history of Ancient Greece.