The book presents modern information about the Moon as a celestial body; the experience of work on lunar topics is summarized; a modern understanding of the possible stages of lunar exploration, lunar infrastructure with an inhabited lunar base, and the necessary transport systems, including manned and based on nuclear energy, is outlined. The possibility of using the Moon as a testing ground for testing new space technology for the exploration of the solar system and as a unique scientific base for astrophysics, and lunar resources to prevent the energy and environmental crises of the Earth is shown. For scientists, engineers and technical workers in the field of planetary science and rocket and space, nuclear and other branches of science and technology. The book may be useful to students and graduate students of technical universities, as well as anyone interested in space technology, manned astronautics, exploration and exploration of outer space.