The Golden Age of Catherine II is famous not only for grandiose achievements in foreign and domestic policy, not only for state building and strengthening the army, but also for great expeditions to the polar seas, the Far East and the Black Sea. In addition, the Empress in every possible way encouraged the research activities of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences to study remote areas of the Russian Empire and its marginal seas. It was Catherine the Great who, after Peter, continued the construction of the Russian fleet, and with her direct participation, the victories and achievements of Russian naval commanders thundered throughout the world.