In science, myths often arise, which are sometimes remarkable for their amazing persistence. They are passed down from generation to generation, appearing on the pages of books, on Internet sites, sound in scientific reports and in the conversations of ordinary people. It is to such myths that the famous German popularizer of science E. P. Fischer dedicated his book. He tells why the whole world believes that penicillin was discovered by Alexander Fleming, and parents of C students console themselves with the fact that the great Einstein was not an excellent student at school either. Fisher also talks about myths that have arisen in recent years, for example, that our lives are programmed in our genes or that we should drink two liters of water a day. Probably, many will disagree with Fisher somewhere, but his book will certainly make the reader smile, and then think about quite serious things. 2nd edition.