The Italian archaeologist and linguist, professor of Semitic philology at the University of Rome, Sabatino Moscati, in his book describes the main forms and distinctive features of ancient Semitic civilizations (Babylonians, Assyrians, Canaanites), focusing the reader’s attention on the most interesting facts and characteristic features of people’s life and thinking. This is an attempt to reconstruct the political, economic and religious spheres of life of this society, which, due to life circumstances, was divided into different lands.