The book “Bloody Age” is dedicated to the key events of the 20th century, starting with the First World War and ending with the end of the so-called “Cold War”. The author, better known for his publications on the logic and methodology of science, theory and cultural history, sought to use the results of the research work of historians and cultural scientists in order to understand the meaning of historical events, the tragedy of the fate of world civilization, to look at the course of history and its interpretation from a philosophical position. The assessment of the meaning or understanding of history, according to the deep conviction of the author, can be not only tasteful, subjective and therefore unconvincing, but also reasonable and evidential, as in natural science. Turning to impartial rational research does not necessarily mean relativism, the loss of humanistic starting positions and an understanding of human life as a “thing among things.” Moreover, a consistently objective approach to the historical process allows us to see the tragedy of the era and appreciate the heroism of a person capable of defending high values.