The book consists of essays devoted to various aspects of the spiritual life of Rus' in the 14th-16th centuries. Based on unique sources, an attempt is made to reveal the inner world of a person of those distant times, to show the development of ideas about justice, about an ideal state, about the place of the human person in the world. A. I. Klibanov is a well-known specialist in the history of Russian social thought. This book was destined to become the last work of the scientist. Intended for teachers and students of humanities universities, all interested in the past of Russia and its culture.