The monograph presents the author's model for describing the phenomenon of norms and the results of applying this model to the study of facts of the Russian language / Russian speech. Issues that are significant for the interdisciplinary theory of norms, category linguistics, pragmatics, and linguoculturology are addressed. One of the main goals of the author is to develop and test a multidimensional semantic concept of the norm, including the definition of the functional potential, categorical status and national-cultural specificity of the norm. The book is addressed to specialist philologists, philosophers, culturologists, as well as everyone who is interested in national and culturally specific reflection of key mental categories in natural language.