The book by V. Bugrov, published by the Russian Knights Aviation Assistance Foundation, is dedicated to one of the most grandiose plans of S. P. Korolev - a manned expedition to Mars. Being a direct participant in the events described, the author for the first time provides facts and documents indicating real work on the practical implementation of this project in the period 1960–1974, introduces the reader to the drafts of the project destroyed in 1974 from his “top secret” workbook, and also examines in the context of Korolev’s main creative plan all the work conceived by Sergei Pavlovich and carried out under him and after him during the specified period, which will allow the reader to take a fresh look at the creative image of Korolev and at some periods in the history of Russian cosmonautics. The conclusions reached by V. E. Bugrov are of particular interest, since this is not the result of research by a journalist or historian and not an interview with an eyewitness, but the result of a comprehensive assessment of the forty-year period of Russian cosmonautics, made by a professional in the field of creating manned rocket and space systems. The book is intended for a wide range of readers.