January 2014 marks the 90th anniversary of the death of V.I. Lenin. In this regard, the discussion in the media about the cause of Lenin’s illness and the circumstances of his death has intensified. The author of the book presented to your attention, Yuri Mikhailovich Lopukhin, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, has been employee of the laboratory at the Lenin Mausoleum. In his book Yu.M. Lopukhin tells how V.I.’s illness actually progressed. Lenin, cites many materials that have never been published in the open press. The author talks about the official diagnosis of V.I.’s death. Lenin, which raises many questions, also concerns the version that has received circulation in the press about Lenin’s syphilitic brain lesion. The appendix provides recollections of eyewitnesses of the last years of Lenin’s life and death, and materials related to the embalming of his body.