The monograph is based on a dialectical description of the judicial system as a purposeful system that has a complex hierarchy and rules of operation, which is in constant interaction between its internal elements and external factors of influence, including other branches of government, as a result of which structural changes in the judicial system itself are observed , its competence and the quality of justice in general. The book gives a new understanding of the current state of the judicial system and the possibilities for its development, solving modern challenges and problems. The book can be useful in the educational program at law faculties and departments of universities, in the training program for civil servants, as well as for everyone interested in the organization of judicial system and its powers.