The book, based on primary sources, for the first time examines Dostoevsky's creative existence in close correlation with the real historical context, with the conflicts of the writer's personal life, and the problems of his family. The fate of his two marriages, intra-family relationships, and their influence on the creative process are reconstructed. Based on unknown archival materials, the unique story of the “Diary of a Writer” is recreated, and the reasons for its phenomenal success are analyzed. The range of Dostoevsky’s texts correlates with their existence in the historical and literary tradition (V. Rozanov, I. Ilyin, I. Shmelev). The literature about Dostoevsky at the turn of the 20th–21st centuries is subjected to analytical review and critical understanding. The publishing layout of the book is preserved in PDF A4 format.