The book by the famous French writer Michel Grolisch presents an outline of the history of the Aztecs at the time of the Spanish conquest based on Indian and Spanish documentary sources. The author pays special attention to the personality of the last Aztec leader Montezuma II, trying to find out the real events associated with his reign and give their true history; establish their facts and circumstances, causes and consequences. The book touches on the formation and interaction of two cultures: one based on mythological-ritual consciousness, the other on European. The book is addressed to a wide range of readers.