Mystifications always attracted and will bring over to itself interest of scientists, historians and simple inhabitants. Sometimes the secret becomes obvious, and then a riddle or seeming great opening is simply deception, how it was, for example, with a "пилтдаунским man", being considered some time intermediate in an evolutional chainlet, or with numerous and quite often by very talented literary mystifications. But quite often all attempts to give an unambigiuous answer so remain unsuccessful. Was there, for example, a library of Ivan Грозного from thousands of priceless folios? Who actually was the author of immortal plays of William Shakespeare - actually man by name William Shakespeare or somebody else? Which is a fate of the Russian emperor Alexander I? How really he died, as an official version says of, in 1825 in Taganrog, or he, инсценировав own death, did make an effort hide from vanity of the world? About these and other famous mystifications, about versions, suppositions and real facts a reader knows from this book.