The book "Natural and Artificial Decomposition of Elements: Speech by Professor Sir Ernest Rutherford" by the famous scientist and two-time Nobel laureate Ernest Rutherford, is a unique scientific masterpiece in the field of physics and chemistry. In this book, the author considers the processes of natural interaction of elements in natural conditions, and also reveals the secrets of artificial decomposition of elements in laboratory conditions. The famous scientist shares his own discoveries and conclusions, going from the essence of the atom to the study of radioactivity and nuclear reactions. His speech is an important source of knowledge for research in the field of nuclear physics and radioactivity and is indispensable for understanding modern atomic science.