The book "Evolution: Research and Criticism" by the famous American anthropologist Theodore Graebner is one of the key works in the field of evolutionary biology and anthropology. In this work, the author conducts an in-depth analysis of the theory of evolution, considering both natural and cultural aspects of this process. Graebner examines the history of the development of life on Earth, paying attention to the key moments and stages of the evolutionary process. The author is also critical of some aspects of classical Darwinian theory, offering his own thoughtful reflections and alternative views. The book "Evolution: Research and Criticism" is an important source for understanding the essence of evolutionary processes and their influence on modern biological and anthropological thinking.