"Facundo, or Civilization and Barbarism" is a famous work by the Argentine writer Domingo Faustino Sarriento, which was published in 1845. The book is an important masterpiece of Latin American literature and political journalism. In his work, the author examines the history and culture of Argentina, analyzing the causes of residual barbarism among the South American people and highlighting the problems of civilization in the context of the country. Sariento describes the life and activities of Facundo Cilistrí (Facundo Cilistrí) - a tyrant from the Rio de la Plata region in the 1830s and 1840s. The author uses historical facts, legends and his observations to highlight the problem of power, tyranny and social injustice. "Facundo, or civilization and barbarism" is not only noted for its artistic value, but also has great importance as a political and socio-cultural discussion, influencing the development of historical science and philosophy in Latin America.