This is the fourth volume of the book "History of the world as interpreted by historians" in twenty-five volumes. This publication tells about the period from the beginning of Greek civilization to the conquest by Rome. The authors of the work examine the history of Greece in detail, identifying key events, philosophical thoughts, cultural achievements and political changes of that time. Readers are invited to delve into the world of the ancient Hellenes and learn how their history influenced the development of subsequent civilizations, including the Roman one. This book will be a valuable source of knowledge for those who are interested in ancient history and wish to deepen their understanding of important stages in the development of Europe.