The book "The Century of Childhood" by Ellen Kay is an important work that highlights the issues of upbringing, education and protection of childhood. The author analyzes the history of childhood, pointing out the changes in the attitude towards children during the last centuries. Kay pays attention to the socio-pedagogical aspects of childhood, gender roles, the influence of family and society on the formation of a child's personality. The book reveals to the reader deep thoughts about the meaning of childhood as a special period of life that must be respected and protected. "The Century of Childhood" is a relevant and informative work that leaves ample opportunities for discussion and reflection.